When we talk about fertilizers and manures, we often think of the main nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). However, essential micronutrients play a crucial role in plant growth and crop quality. Although they are needed in smaller quantities, their presence is indispensable for plants to complete their life cycle and reach their full potential.
What are essential micronutrients?
Micronutrients are chemical elements that plants require in very small quantities, but without which they cannot develop properly. These nutrients contribute to fundamental functions such as photosynthesis, the formation of enzymes and proteins, and resistance to diseases and adverse conditions.
Among the most notable essential micronutrients we find:
- Iron (Fe)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Boron (B)
- Copper (Cu)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Molybdenum (Mo)
- Chlorine (Cl)
Why are micronutrients important in fertilizers?
Although plants only need small amounts of micronutrients, their absence or deficiency can cause serious problems in plant development, directly affecting crop yield and quality.
Benefits of micronutrients:
- They improve photosynthesis and energy production. Iron and magnesium are essential for the synthesis of chlorophyll, which is essential for healthy plant growth.
- They strengthen cellular structures. Boron is key to the formation of strong cell walls.
- They regulate enzymatic metabolism. Micronutrients such as zinc and copper participate in the activation of enzymes that optimize plant metabolism.
- They promote flowering and fruiting. Nutrients like molybdenum help in the assimilation of nitrogen, which is crucial during the flowering stages.
Essential micronutrients and their functions.
1. Iron (Fe)
It is involved in chlorophyll synthesis and electron transfer during photosynthesis. Iron deficiency causes yellow leaves, a condition known as iron chlorosis.
2. Zinc (Zn)
Essential for the production of growth hormones and root development, zinc deficiency can cause stunted plants and deformed leaves.
3. Boron (B)
It is essential for the formation of cell walls and the transport of sugars within the plant. Boron deficiency affects flowering and can cause malformed fruits.
4. Copper (Cu)
It is involved in protein formation and photosynthesis. Copper-deficient plants often have wilted leaves and loss of vigor.
5. Manganese (Mn)
It acts as a cofactor in several enzymatic reactions, including photosynthesis. Its deficiency causes yellow spots between the veins of the leaves.
6. Molybdenum (Mo)
Key to nitrogen fixation, especially in legumes. Without molybdenum, plants have difficulty taking advantage of available nitrogen.
7. Chlorine (Cl)
Although less mentioned, chlorine is important for the regulation of water balance and photosynthesis.
How to incorporate micronutrients into fertilizers and compost?
Some recommendations to make the most of these fertilizers:
- Soil Testing: Before applying fertilizers, perform a soil test to identify specific micronutrient deficiencies.
- Use specialized fertilizers: Opt for fertilizers that include micronutrients in their formulation to address multiple deficiencies.
- Consider foliar applications: Foliar fertilizers with micronutrients are effective in correcting specific deficiencies quickly.
- Go for organic fertilizers: Enriched compost and manure can provide micronutrients naturallyl.
Essential micronutrients are the silent engine behind the success of healthy and productive crops. They are essential to ensure the nutritional balance of plants and incorporating these nutrients through appropriate fertilizers and manures not only improves crop quality but also promotes more sustainable and profitable agriculture.
At BH Terra we work to provide our clients with the best solution for their crops by formulating organic fertilizers and compost. We are a family business with more than two decades of professional experience in different parts of the world. Contact us and we will put all our experience at your disposal to improve the health and performance of your crops.